PRN Sequence Estimation with a Self-Calibrating 40-Element Antenna Array

Abstract This work explores the use of a low-cost global navigation satellite system (GNSS) antenna array including front-ends and software receiver to receive signals opportunity (SoO) whose pseudorandom noise (PRN) code is unknown. The are only loosely synchronized in time frequency via hardware elements, precise synchronization or calibration achieved by using open service signals. After calibration, raw received from all elements added coherently, which allows codes unknown be estimated. sequences then fed into test with single element that uses acquire track conventional way. process chip estimation combined these called blind processing. paper discusses used algorithms, limitations, expected performance error rate (CER), effective loss signal power when tracking receiver. An experimental setup an 40 described, results simulated data one real positioning (GPS) M-code as show feasibility this concept. Among types (SoO), GPS more difficult estimate than its Galileo BeiDou counterparts due high chipping rate. A (CER) 15.1 % for signal. Applications processing include prototyping, quality monitoring server-side purpose authentication.